Csikszentmihalyi Mihaly Flow Pdf

C550&w=1050' alt='Csikszentmihalyi Mihaly Flow Pdf' title='Csikszentmihalyi Mihaly Flow Pdf' />Flow psychology Wikipedia. Concentrating on a task is one aspect of flow. In positive psychology, flow, also known as the zone, is the mental state of operation in which a person performing an activity is fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus, full involvement, and enjoyment in the process of the activity. In essence, flow is characterized by complete absorption in what one does, and a resulting loss in ones sense of space and time. Named by Mihly Cskszentmihlyi, the concept has been widely referenced across a variety of fields and has an especially big recognition in occupational therapy, though the concept has existed for thousands of years under other guises, notably in some Eastern religions. Achieving flow is often colloquially referred to as being in the zone. Flow. An Example Checklist for ScrumMasters CollabNet, Inc. September 2007 Revised 24 July 2012 A Full Time FacilitatorFlow shares many characteristics with hyperfocus. However, hyperfocus is not always described in a positive light. Some examples include spending too much time playing video games or getting side tracked and pleasurably absorbed by one aspect of an assignment or task to the detriment of the overall assignment. Csikszentmihalyi Mihaly Flow Pdf' title='Csikszentmihalyi Mihaly Flow Pdf' />In some cases, hyperfocus can capture a person, perhaps causing them to appear unfocused or to start several projects, but complete few. ComponentseditJeanne Nakamura and Cskszentmihlyi identify the following six factors as encompassing an experience of flow 2Intense and focused concentration on the present moment. Merging of action and awareness. A loss of reflectiveself consciousness. A sense of personal control or agency over the situation or activity. A distortion of temporal experience, ones subjective experience of time is altered. Experience of the activity as intrinsically rewarding, also referred to as autotelic experience. Those aspects can appear independently of each other, but only in combination do they constitute a so called flow experience. Additionally, psychology writer Kendra Cherry has mentioned three other components that Cskszentmihlyi lists as being a part of the flow experience 3Immediate feedback3Feeling that you have the potential to succeed. Feeling so engrossed in the experience, that other needs become negligible. Just as with the conditions listed above, these conditions can be independent of one another. EtymologyeditFlow is so named because during Cskszentmihlyis 1. HistoryeditMihaly Csikszentmihlyi and his fellow researchers began researching flow after Csikszentmihlyi became fascinated by artists who would essentially get lost in their work. Artists, especially painters, got so immersed in their work that they would disregard their need for food, water and even sleep. Thus, the origin of research on the theory of flow came about when Csikszentmihlyi tried to understand this phenomenon experienced by these artists. Flow research became prevalent in the 1. Csikszentmihlyi and his colleagues in Italy still at the forefront. Researchers interested in optimal experiences and emphasizing positive experiences, especially in places such as schools and the business world, also began studying the theory of flow at this time. The theory of flow was greatly used in the theories of Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers in their development of the humanistic tradition of psychology. Flow has been recognized throughout history and across cultures. The teachings of Buddhism and of Taoism speak of a state of mind known as the action of inaction or doing without doing wu wei in Taoism that greatly resembles the idea of flow. Also, Hindu texts on Advaita philosophy such as Ashtavakra Gita and the Yoga of Knowledge such as Bhagavad Gita refer to a similar state. MechanismeditIn every given moment, there is a great deal of information made available to each individual. Psychologists have found that ones mind can attend to only a certain amount of information at a time. According to Csikszentmihlyis 2. TED talk, that number is about 1. That may seem like a lot of information, but simple daily tasks take quite a lot of information. Just decoding speech takes about 6. That is why when having a conversation one cannot focus as much attention on other things. For the most part except for basic bodily feelings like hunger and pain, which are innate, people are able to decide what they want to focus their attention on. However, when one is in the flow state, they are completely engrossed with the one task at hand and, without making the conscious decision to do so, lose awareness of all other things time, people, distractions, and even basic bodily needs. This occurs because all of the attention of the person in the flow state is on the task at hand there is no more attention to be allocated. The flow state has been described by Csikszentmihlyi as the optimal experience in that one gets to a level of high gratification from the experience. Achieving this experience is considered to be personal and depends on the ability of the individual. Ones capacity and desire to overcome challenges in order to achieve their ultimate goals not only leads to the optimal experience, but also to a sense of life satisfaction overall. MeasurementeditThere are three common ways to measure flow experiences the flow questionnaire FQ, the experience sampling method ESM, and the standardized scales of the componential approach. Flow questionnaireeditThe FQ requires individuals to identify definitions of flow and situations in which they believe that they have experienced flow, followed by a section that asks them to evaluate their personal experiences in these flow inducing situations. The FQ identifies flow as a single construct, therefore allowing the results to be used to estimate differences in the likelihood of experiencing flow across a variety of factors. Another strength of the FQ is that it does not assume that everyones flow experiences are the same. Because of this, the FQ is the ideal measure for estimating the prevalence of flow. Channel Servo Controller Software. However, the FQ has some weaknesses that more recent methods have set out to address. Dos Create Empty File Command more. The FQ does not allow for measurement of the intensity of flow during specific activities. This method also does not measure the influence of the ratio of challenge to skill on the flow state. Experience sampling methodeditThe ESM requires individuals to fill out the experience sampling form ESF at eight randomly chosen time intervals throughout the day. The purpose of this is to understand subjective experiences by estimating the time intervals that individuals spend in specific states during everyday life. Power Iso Magic Disk Mac. The ESF is made up of 1. The purpose of the categorical items is to determine the context and motivational aspects of the current actions these items include time, location, companionshipdesire for companionship, activity being performed, reason for performing activity. Because these questions are open ended, the answers need to be coded by researchers. This needs to be done carefully so as to avoid any biases in the statistical analysis. The scaled items are intended to measure the levels of a variety of subjective feelings that the individual may be experiencing. The ESM is more complex than the FQ and contributes to the understanding of how flow plays out in a variety of situations, however the possible biases make it a risky choice. Standardized scaleseditSome researchers are not satisfied with the methods mentioned above and have set out to create their own scales.